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Product Details
Preparation |
D-(-)-tartaric acid is mainly present in the form of potassium salt in the fruit of a variety of plants, and a small amount of it exists in free form. We produce dextrose tartaric acid through glucose fermentation industrially. The racemate can be prepared by fumaric acid with potassium permanganate as oxidant. The mesomer can be prepared by maleic acid with potassium permanganate as oxidant. L-lactic acid can be obtained by resolution of racemates. In the practical application of tartaric acid, the main application is dextrose tartaric acid or its complex salt. The by-product tartra of brewing grape is the main raw material of actual production of tartaric acid, and the all tartaric acids are dextrose tartaric acids. |
Biotechnological Production |
Tartaric acid is generally produced from crude tartar and lees, which are byproducts of wine production. However, there are a few reports of fermentative production of tartaric acid by Gluconobacter suboxydans growing on Glucose or sorbitol. Vanadate plays a central role in this process. The microorganism forms 5-keto-D-gluconic acid, which is oxidized to tartaric acid. The vanadium catalyzes this reaction. Product concentrations up to 2.96 g.L-1 have been observed after 3 days of fermentation. |
Purification Methods |
Crystallise the acid from distilled H2O or *benzene/diethyl ether containing 5% of pet ether (b 60-80o) (1:1). Soxhlet extraction with diethyl ether has been used to remove an impurity absorbing at 265nm. It has also been crystallised from absolute EtOH/hexane and dried in a vacuum for 18hours [Kornblum & Wade J Org Chem 52 5301 1987]. [Beilstein 3 IV 1229.] |
Chemical properties |
There are three stereoisomers of tartaric acid: dextrose tartaric acid, levophyllic acid and meso tartaric acid. The optical rotation of the mixture of the same amount of dextrorotatory and levorotism is mutually offset, known as racemic tartaric acid. The mesomer does not exist in nature and can be synthesized chemically. Various tartaric acids are colorless crystals that are easily soluble in water. |
Application |
D-(-)-tartaric acid is widely used as an acidizing agent for beverages and other foods, and this use is similar to citric acid. Tartaric acid can be used as an acid dye mordant when it is combined with tannin. It is also used for some development and fixing operations in the photographic industry. Its iron salts are photosensitive and therefore they can be used to make blueprints. Tartaric acid could complex with a variety of metal ions, and it could be used for cleaning agent and polishing agent of metal surface. Potassium tartrate (Rochelle salt) can be used to prepare Fehling reagent, and it is also used as as laxatives and diuretics in medicine. In addition, it is also used as an intermediate of quinophan. The crystal has piezoelectric properties, so it could be used for the electronics industry. It is used as a chromatographic reagent and masking agent. It is used as resolving agent of medicine and as biochemical reagent. This product is widely used in food industry, such as beer foaming agent, food sour agent, flavoring agent. And it is also used for refreshing drinks, candy, fruit juice, sauce, cold dishes and baking powder. This product is in line with the Japanese food additives certificate. It is used as chiral source and resolving agent for chiral synthesis. |
Definition |
ChEBI: The D-enantiomer of tartaric acid. |
General Description |
D-(-)-Tartaric acid is a polycrystalline solid, widely used as food additive. It has been reported to exhibit piezoelectric effect. |
InChI:InChI=1/C4H6O6/c5-1(3(7)8)2(6)4(9)10/h1-2,5-6H,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/p-2/t1-,2-/m0/s1
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di-1-bornyl fumarate
acetic acid
D-tartaric acid
DL-tartaric acid
Conditions | Yield |
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fumaric acid di-l-bornyl ester;
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fumaric acid monobornyl ester
D-tartaric acid
DL-tartaric acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
fumaric acid mono-l-bornyl ester; Verseifung des Reaktionsproduktes;
|
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