Your Location:Home >Products >Organic chemicals >521-31-3
Product Details
Chemical fluorescent molecules |
Luminol?is an organic compound which, when oxidized, emits light — a phenomenon known as?chemiluminescence.??This is similar to the reactions that fireflies uses to emit light, and to those used in "glow-sticks" and some roadside emergency lights.?In this reaction, a small amount of luminol?(3-aminophthalhydrazide or 5-amino-2,3-dihydro- 1,4-phthalazinedione) is dissolved in a basic aqueous solution, which also contains a small amount of copper(II) sulfate.? To this solution is added a solution of a mild oxidizing agent, which is 0.3% hydrogen peroxide in the demonstration below.? (Bleach is also used in some recipes as the oxidizing agent.)??The reaction is believed to occur by the following mechanism: |
Chemiluminescence method |
Luminol chemiluminescence has been trialed for estimating the PMI from skeletal remains. Luminol methods are based on the reaction between luminol and hydrogen peroxide which is catalyzed by iron in hemoglobin found in fluids and tissues from bodies. This reaction results in a chemiluminescence light which can be measured by various means . |
Chemical properties |
Yellow crystalline powder, Easily soluble in lye, soluble in dilute acid but almost insoluble in water and hardly soluble in alcohol. When its neutral or weak acidic solution is exposed to ultraviolet light, it exhibits strongly bright blue fluorescence. Melting point: 329-332 ° C |
Hazards & Safety Information |
Category Toxic substances Toxic grading poisoning Acute toxicity Oral – rat; LD50: > 500 mg/kg Flammability and Hazardous properties it is combustible with combustion producing toxic nitrogen oxide fumes Storage and transportation characteristics warehouse: ventilated, low temperature and dry Fire extinguishing agent dry powder, foam, sand, carbon dioxide, mist water |
General Description |
Yellow crystals or light beige powder. |
Air & Water Reactions |
Insoluble in water. |
Reactivity Profile |
Oxidation of 3-Aminophthalhydrazide is accompanied by a striking emission of light. . . |
Health Hazard |
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: When heated to decomposition 3-Aminophthalhydrazide emits toxic fumes. |
Fire Hazard |
Flash point data for 3-Aminophthalhydrazide are not available, but 3-Aminophthalhydrazide is probably combustible. |
Synthesis |
The synthesis of Luminol is as follows: To a reaction tube, add 140 mg of 3-nitrophthalhydrazide and 1.0 mL of 3 M sodium hydroxide solution. Stir with a rod, and to the resulting deep brown-red solution add 0.6 g of sodium hydrosulfite dihydrate (Na2S2O4 · 2 H2O, MW 210.2). Wash down the sides of the tube with a small amount of water. Heat to a gentle boil and keep the tube hot for 5 minutes. During this time some product may begin to crystallize. Add 0.4 mL of acetic acid, cool the tube in cold water, and stir. Collect the light-yellow product?Luminol by suction filtration. |
Purification Methods |
Dissolve luminol in KOH solution, treat with Norit (charcoal), filter and precipitate it with conc HCl. [Hardy et al. Talanta 24 297 1977.] Store it in the dark in an inert atmosphere, because its structure changes during its luminescence. It has been recrystallised from 0.1M KOH [Merenyi et al. J Am Chem Soc 108 77716 1986]. [Beilstein 25 II 389, 25 III/IV 4192.] |
InChI:InChI=1/C8H7N3O2/c9-5-3-1-2-4-6(5)8(13)11-10-7(4)12/h1-3H,9H2,(H,10,12)(H,11,13)
Two luminol isomers, 2,4-diaminoisoindol...
A transition metal-free, environment-fri...
The invention discloses a luminol or iso...
A new crystalline form of 5-amino-2,3-di...
5-nitro-2,3-dihydro-phthalazine-1,4-dione
5-amino-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sulfur; sodium hydroxide; In methanol; water; at 80 ℃; for 1h; Green chemistry;
|
89% |
With formic acid; palladium 10% on activated carbon; hydrogen; at 35 ℃; for 5h; Reagent/catalyst;
|
83% |
With iron; ammonium chloride; In water;
|
|
5-nitro-2,3-dihydro-phthalazine-1,4-dione; With sodium hydroxide; In water; at 50 - 60 ℃;
With sodium dithionite; In water; at 50 ℃; for 4h; Reflux;
With acetic acid; In water;
|
monosodium 5-amino-1,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-phthalazin-2-ide
5-amino-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogenchloride; In water;
|
2,4-diaminoisoindoline-1,3-dione
ethyl 2-carboxy-3-nitrobenzoate
5-aminophthalazine-1,4-dione
3-aminophthalimide
5-Acetylamino-2-acetyl-phthalaz-1,4-dion
3-aminophthalate dianion
5-aminophthalazine-1,4-dione
meta-aminobenzoic acid
CAS:3081-61-6
CAS:195875-84-4
CAS:501-36-0
CAS:920-37-6